Quality Risk in Gas Shipments – CWA Oil and Chemicals
CWA’s Oil & Chemical Department has conducted a number of in-depth investigations and loss prevention surveys following recurring problems in the carriage of LPG including troublesome sulphur content and the presence of excess dimer in butadiene shipments.

Corrosion Risk – CWA Oil and Chemicals
Concerning fitness of vessel’s tanks and tank coatings for carriage of aggressive bulk liquid cargoes.

Asset Evaluation of Petroleum Plant – CWA Oil and Chemicals
CWA advised on the remaining useful economic working life on various distributed aspects of a petroleum handling operation in the Middle East. The items of equipment included piping, pumps, single buoy moorings, storage tanks and vapour recovery units. The study evaluated the impact of maintenance standards and inflation on net values.

Crude Oil Production, Treatment and Storage, Libya – CWA Oil and Chemicals
A technical audit was carried out by CWA on behalf of a multinational oil company to investigate the design, operation and quality control procedures of the inland network of crude oil production facilities, stabilisation plant, pipeline distribution storage and transfer to an integrated marine terminal. The study recommended detailed remedial measures to improve efficiency of operation and quality control.

Discrete Sampling Analysis Techniques for Quality Control of Large Inventories of Bulk Liquids – CWA Oil and Chemicals
CWA has been commissioned on numerous occasions to advise on the reliability of methods to sample and analyse large inventories using discrete, manageable sampling techniques. Bulk liquid storage and transfer operations for crude oil products, petrochemical and liquefied gas have been dealt with.

LPG Spill Consequence Analysis – CWA Oil and Chemicals
CWA performed a detailed consequence analysis of LPG spill scenarios for a large scale LPG marine terminal, planned for the Middle East.

Environmental Impact of Lost Containers Containing Toxic Chemicals – CWA Dangerous Goods
Containers of drummed cyanide were lost overboard within inshore waters and close to tourist amenities. CWA was called upon to provide scientific advice and an independent risk assessment.

Risk of Self Heating Cargoes – CWA Fire and Explosion
The Company has substantial experience of cargoes which are prone to self-heating phenomena including coal, cotton, fish meal, and soya beans. CWA has regularly been called to attend incidents and provide expert advice.

Fire Safety Audit and Fire Protection design and Engineering of Petroleum Installation – CWA Fire and Explosion
CWA was commissioned to provide an independent audit of the existing measures for fire safety and loss prevention of a strategic petroleum storage, distribution depot and marine terminal.

The audit examined the existing facilities for compliance with internationally accepted design and safety codes as well as evaluating the risk and consequences of loss of containment of the stored highly flammable bulk liquid with the potential for serious fire both within and beyond the battery limits.

A detailed consequence analysis of failure cases including radiation calculations of pool fires and full tank fires were utilised.

Recommendations for improvement in layout and design which subsequently have been implemented by the plant owners with CWA performing the detailed engineering, equipment specification, tendering and commissioning. This included the production of computer aided drawings and bills of material.

Boil over in Tank Farm Study– CWA Fire and Explosion
The Company was commissioned by a multi-national oil company to carry out an intensive literature review on previous boil over incidents.

Tank Farm Radiation Model – CWA Fire and Explosion
CWA was instructed by major reinsurers to review the status of current techniques for risk assessment of tank farms containing hazardous (flammable) inventories and to develop improved quantitative methods for evaluating intertank safety distances in terms of hazardous properties of the inventory, tank insulation and water deluge. A prototype computerised model (TANKSAFE) was developed.

Steel Shipments (South Africa) – CWA Minerals
A prominent steel export company engaged CWA to independently review its arrangements for shipping and chartering world-wide. The CWA report identified areas for substantial efficiency improvement.

Long Term Storage of Copper Concentrates – CWA Minerals
CWA was called upon to advise on the effects of long term storage of copper concentrates following the grounding of, and subsequent length repairs to a bulk carrier.

Cargo Contamination (World-wide) – CWA Minerals
CWA has provided technical assistance in contaminated cargo treatment and undertaken forensic analysis of the causes of contamination with support on the commercial front by assisting in disposing off-specification cargoes.

Vessel Performance Trials – CWA Marine
CWA’s marine department was co-opted by a prominent UK firm of naval architects to participate in the sea trials of a pleasure vessel. CWA supplied a senior marine engineer to advise on engine performance.

Safety in Navigation – CWA Marine
CWA is frequently called on to participate in larger consortia involved in the design and build of new port and terminal facilities, worldwide. In the role of specialist marine consultants, CWA advises on all aspects of safety in navigation and risk assessment in the carriage and handling of hazardous goods through the port.

Risk Assessment Study for Port Development Project, UAE – CWA Marine
CWA was commissioned to provide a detailed risk study for a major deep water port expansion project. The expansion was based on export of petroleum products, LPG and a wide range of dry cargoes, including dangerous goods. The study produced detailed recommendations for safety in navigation, pilotage design and layout of the berths, emergency response and risk management of the port.

Port Rehabilitation Study (Baltic) – CWA Marine
CWA participated in an EU consortium of consultants and provided expertise in risk assessment of an ageing, yet highly important oil terminal (exporting 10 million TPA), safety studies of tanker operations, navigational factors, berth integrity, also advice on upgrade of port facilities for general cargo handling, port organisation and management.

Sub-Sea Refinery Pipeline Project, Croatia – CWA Marine
CWA provided project management and engineering services, in association with sub-sea piping specialists on this project, including initial hydrographic and seabed survey, assessment of routing and conceptual design, project scheduling and provision costing.

Applied Risk Assessment of Major Lock System, UK – CWA Marine
CWA was commissioned by a major energy utilities company in the UK to undertake an independent assessment concerned with the reliability of seaborne supply of coal to a new terminal via the largest lock system in Britain. The study, the first of its kind ever undertaken.

Analysis of Major Reinsurer’s Portfolio - CWA Forensic Data Analysis & IT
CWA was called upon to analyse the portfolio of a major reinsurer in the energy market and develop an empirical rating model for risks in an environment subject to rapid technological developments. The results of the study were used to develop an insurance rating model that permits factorial rating, searches and cross links to claims data.

Modelling of Dense Cloud LPG Spills - CWA Forensic Data Analysis & IT
The company carried out a risk study of the proposed design of a new LPG load end facility in the Middle East. The study required the identification of failure case scenarios of hazardous plant, and the detailed modelling and consequence analysis of refrigerated LPG spills on seawater.

• In conjunction with financial risk researchers, CWA has reviewed and analysed in-house financial methodologies to calculate 'fair' price of Asian options and have computed of the capital assets requirements for a set of future contracts under varying trading volumes.
• We have undertaken a comparative review of common house price indices
• CWA has assessed the performance a popular emerging market fund

Portfolio Risk - CWA Forensic Data Analysis & IT
CWA designed and set up a database of the largest losses suffered by the underwriters off high value capital plant.

Application of Extreme Value Theory Bond publishing statistics by the UK Institute of Petroleum - CWA Forensic Data Analysis & IT
CWA has been involved in the application of sophisticated analysis techniques (e.g. extreme value theory) to estimate impact of low probability/high loss scenarios.

Environmental Damage Incident Investigation - CWA Forensic Data Analysis & IT
The Company was instructed to undertake a detailed technical investigation of a major pollution incident concerning the generation and fall-out of acid smuts from a fossil fuel burning power station within the EC. The study required a detailed operational audit to identify the cause which arose through a highly unusual sequence of circumstances.

Health and Safety Study – CWA Oil and Chemicals
A Health and Safety impact study of the development of a petroleum terminal in the vicinity of high rise apartment blocks was conducted for Middle East clients.

Bulk Cryogenic Liquids Storage Terminal Safety Assessment – CWA Oil and Chemicals
The firm was instructed by local authorities to carry out an independent safety assessment concerning the development of cryogenic bulk ethylene storage facilities within the confines of a large mixed purpose port within the Mediterranean. Recommendations for upgrade of a neighbouring ageing plant were also made.

LPG Risk Assessment - CWA Forensic Data Analysis & IT
The Company carried out a detailed risk assessment on behalf of the operators and local authorities for the installation of bulk LPG storage facilities, including major hazards risk assessment, assessment of storage options, safety in design for bulk storage, pipelines and ship/shore transfer, fire protection design, gas detection, ESD and emergency response. The project included advice on the first time introduction of gas carrier calls and the associated safety requirements within the port and at the ship/shore interface. The service will extend to audit of tenders, HAZOP of engineering design, pre-shipment certification and inspection, risk control during construction, preparation of operating manual and emergency response and further assistance during plant commissioning.

Seismic Risk Study for Hazardous Installation (Middle East) - CWA Forensic Data Analysis & IT
In association with the earthquake engineering specialists, CWA was commissioned to carry out a detailed seismic risk study of two refineries and a petrochemical complex. These plant are sited within a region of relatively high seismic activity. The purpose of the study was to establish the estimated maximum loss potential and to recommend loss prevention measures for vulnerable plant structures.

Safety Audit of Petrochemical Complex, North Africa – CWA Oil and Chemicals
As part of a large consortium, CWA was commissioned by the owners and operators of the largest petrochemical complex on the North African coast of the Mediterranean to advise comprehensively on the various factors governing the continued safety and reliability of operations within the manmade port. We conducted a comprehensive on-site safety audit and advised on improved means for the prevention of potentially major damaging fire and explosion accident in the handling, storage and seaborne transportation of LPG and other highly flammable petroleum products through the man-made harbour. We also covered all matters of marine safety.

Development and Support of Specialised Risk Assessment Software for Insurers - CWA Forensic Data Analysis & IT
CWA was commissioned by a, leading reinsurers of refinery and petrochemical plant, to carry out a major upgrade of the their methodology to assess estimated maximum loss (EML). The methodology is required to rapidly evaluate the maximum loss for vapour cloud explosion (VCE); internal explosion and pool fires, including allowance for boil over effects. CWA retain the intellectual property rights in the EML software which the Company licences and supports.

Loss of Containment Studies – CWA Dangerous Goods
A loss of containment is very commonly the initiating event of either pollution incidents or hazardous industrial accidents. CWA has carried out various 'integrity of containment' analyses and specialist studies, eg cryogenic and pressurised storage of liquefied gases, containment of all kinds of hazardous materials during storage and transportation, quantitative prediction analysis of seepage problems in proposed sea water pumped storage reservoirs for off-peak hydro power generators, escape oil from marine casualties.

Computerised Incident Database - CWA Forensic Data Analysis & IT
CWA was responsible for the design, development, installation and support of a major computerised incident data base for the leading underwriters for the insurance of oil, gas and chemical plant world-wide.